Cladding panel

ABSTRACT

A panel ( 50 ) having a visible side and a rear side opposite to the visible side ( 3 ), wherein the rear side has at least one fastening portion ( 15, 16 ), wherein the panel ( 50 ) has a concrete covered area, wherein there is provided a capillary tube mat ( 5 ), which is incorporated into the concrete area such that the capillary tube mat ( 50 ) is completely concealed by the concrete covered area at least on the visible side ( 3 ).

The present invention relates to a panel having a visible side and a rear side opposite to the visible side, wherein the rear side has at least one fastening portion. The invention further relates to an assembly including such a panel.

Panels of the above mentioned type are used, e.g., as cladding panels for the design of facades of buildings. Recently, such panels have not been anchored to buildings in a full-surface mode but are rather fastened at a distance by use of spacer elements in order to design a so-called ventilated facade. The air gap between building and panel in such cases serves as a heat insulation layer.

Such assemblies and panels are disadvantageous insofar as an ideal temperature control within the building is only difficult to realize.

It is hence the task of the present invention to provide a panel as well as an assembly of the aforementioned type, by means of which a temperature control within a building is possible.

This task is solved, on the one side, by a panel having a visible side and a rear side opposite to the visible side, wherein the rear side has at least one fastening portion, characterized in that the panel has a concrete covered area, wherein there is provided a capillary tube mat, which is incorporated into the concrete area such that the capillary tube mat is completely concealed by the concrete covered area at least on the visible side.

On the other side, the task is solved by an assembly including at least one such panel, which is fastened to a building at a distance via the fastening portion using a fastening means.

Using such a panel it is possible, by means of a heat transfer fluid introduced into the capillary tube mat, in the simplest case water, optionally an antifreeze agent, to discharge heat that is developed at the cladding panel, in particular by solar irradiation, and to transfer the heat into a heat storage device. For example, a hot water tank may be used as a heat storage device.

Analogously, in the case of very low external temperatures in winter, heat may be transferred from a heat reservoir to the panel in order to raise the temperature at the facade and in this way improve the indoor climate within the building. In this way, the dew point in the building shell may be shifted, which will have a positive effect on the indoor climate and the building substance. The heat reservoir may, for example, have a heat pump in order to enable the utilization of environmental heat (geothermal energy, air heat etc.).

Apart from the preferred field of use as cladding panel, such a panel may also be used in other areas.

Such a panel may, for example, be used indoor as part of an air-conditioning device, a heating system or a cooling system in order to control indoor climate. The panel may, for example, be part of a wall heating system. It is also possible to use the panel indoor as a cooling surface or an absorber heat discharge line in order to discharge heat from the server rooms, for example.

The heat reservoir may, for example, also be connected to fluid discharge lines of the building in order to utilize the waste heat of the building. Fluid discharge lines may, for example, be waste water lines or heat outlets of heating systems, kitchens etc.

A capillary tube mat is understood as a—mostly flexible—plate-like body having at least one tube (preferably a plurality of tubes). The internal diameter of the tubes is such that a liquid having an appropriate surface wetting will completely penetrate into the tube due to capillary action. The capillary tube mat usually has a plurality of capillaries, which have a diameter of 0.5 mm to 4.0 mm, preferably from 2.5 to 3.0 mm.

Incorporating the capillary tube mat into the concrete covered area has proven to be advantageous in terms of manufacturing.

In order to enable the introduction of a heat transfer fluid into the capillary tube mat, it is preferably provided that the capillary tube mat has an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet opens into a feed tube and the outlet opens into a discharge tube, wherein the feed tube is incorporated in the concrete covered area and the discharge tube is incorporated in the concrete covered area.

The capillary tube mat may have a configuration as generally known. It may, for example include polypropylene, or it may be composed thereof. The distance between the capillaries is preferably between 10 and 30 mm, preferably 10, 20 or 30 mm. In this way, an ideal heat transfer will be possible. The edge distance of the capillaries is about 60-100 mm (distance of the capillary tube mat to the edge of the panel).

In one embodiment variant there is provided that the concrete covered area forms a first layer and that there is provided a second layer, which is arranged closer to the visible side than the first layer, wherein the capillary tube mat is embedded in the first layer. This embodiment variant will ensure an especially homogenous heat transfer within the facade plate. Preferably, the capillary tube mat is completely embedded in the first layer.

The capillary tube mat preferably has a length of 880 to 3480 mm and a width of 300 to 1080 mm The capillary tube preferably has an external diameter of 4.3 mm, with the oval main tube being 12 mm wide.

The cladding panel preferably has a length of 1000 to 3600 mm and width from 500 to 1200 mm.

The thickness of the facade plate is preferably from 18 to 40 mm, preferably about 23 mm.

In the case of a two-layered configuration, the thickness of the first layer is preferably from 8 to 13 mm and the second layer is from 10 to 32 mm.

This embodiment variant further has the advantage that the second layer may be designed optically clear. This may, for example, also present a concrete layer.

There may further be provided that the assembly has a heat exchanging device for the reasons mentioned above.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained by way of the figures and the figure descriptions.

FIG. 1a to 1c show three views of a panel according to the invention.

FIGS. 2a to 2c show three detail views of FIG. 1a, 1b and 1 c.

FIG. 3 shows an assembly comprised of panel and building.

In FIG. 1a to 2c there is shown a panel 50 according to the invention. FIG. 1a schematically shows the panel 50 with the capillary tube mat 5, embedded in a concrete layer 1. The illustration in FIG. 1a is purely schematic and shows in the background a second layer 2, which forms the visible side at the rear side of the sheet. The first layer 1, in which the capillary tube mat 5 is embedded, is not shown in FIG. 1a for reasons of clarity. FIG. 1b shows a section through the panel 50 along II-II, FIG. 1c shows a section through the panel 50 along I-I of FIG. 1a . FIG. 2a shows the enlarged detail of the area indicated by a circle of FIG. 1a . FIG. 2b shows an enlargement of the area indicated by a circle of FIG. 1b . Finally, FIG. 2b shows the area indicated by the circle of FIG. 1 b.

The structural configuration of the panel 50 is most clearly shown in FIG. 1c and 2c . There is visible the two-layered configuration, wherein the concrete covered area forms a first layer 1 and there is provided a second layer 2. The second layer 2 is arranged closer to the visible side 4, whereas the first layer 1 is arranged closer to the rear side 4. The capillary tube mat 5 having individual capillaries 6 is embedded in the first layer 1. The capillaries 6 have a lateral distance d. The capillaries 6 are connected on one side with the feed line 7 and on the other side with a discharge line 8. The discharge line 8 (FIG. 2c ) and the feed line 7 may be connected to an air conditioning, heating or any other device. For this purpose, the feed line 7 and the discharge line 8 have ports 15, 16, which form an inlet and an outlet, and may also be used for fastening the panel 50, which, hence, (at least in part) may also serve as a fastening portion.

FIG. 3 shows the panel 50 in the form of a cladding panel, which is exposed to solar irradiation 21. By means of spacer elements 29, the cladding panel 50 is arranged at a distance to the building 30. The building 30 has a solid portion and an insulation portion 32. In-between insulation portion 31 and cladding panel 50 there is air so that the facade is ventilated. By means of shut-off elements 40, the air flow in the ventilated area 25 may be altered. 

1-10. (canceled)
 11. A panel comprising: a visible side; a rear side opposite to the visible side; at least one fastening portion one or at the rear side; a concrete covered area; and a capillary tube mat incorporated into the concrete covered area such that the capillary tube mat is completely concealed by the concrete covered area at least on the visible side.
 12. The panel of claim 11, wherein the capillary tube mat comprises an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet opens into a feed line and the outlet opens into a discharge line, wherein the feed line is incorporated in the concrete covered area and the discharge line is incorporated in the concrete covered area.
 13. The panel of claim 11, wherein the capillary tube mat comprises polypropylene.
 14. The panel of claim 11, wherein the capillary tube mat has a plurality of capillaries.
 15. The panel of claim 14, wherein the capillaries have a diameter of from 00.5 mm to 4.0 mm.
 16. The panel of claim 14, wherein the capillaries have a lateral distance of 10 to 30 mm.
 17. The panel of claim 11, wherein the concrete covered area forms a first layer, the panel further comprising a second layer arranged closer to the visible side than the first layer, and wherein the capillary tube mat is embedded in the first layer.
 18. An assembly, including at least one panel according to claim 11, which is fastened to a building at a distance via the fastening portion using a mounting means.
 19. The assembly of claim 18, further comprising a heat exchanging device.
 20. The assembly of claim 18, further comprising a heat reservoir and/or a heat storage device.
 21. A panel according to claim 11, wherein the panel is configured as a cladding panel.
 22. An assembly, including at least one cladding panel according to claim 21, which is fastened to a building at a distance via the fastening portion using a mounting means.
 23. The assembly of claim 22, further comprising a heat exchanging device.
 24. The assembly of claim 22, further comprising a heat reservoir and/or a heat storage device. 